USU Extension

A pick-me-up for marriages

2012-02-07T10:05:00.000-07:00

A pick-me-up for marriages: Everyone who is interested in marriage, whether newlywed, engaged, thinking about getting married someday, or couples who have been together for decades all are invited to attend the Northern Utah Marriage Celebration on Feb. 17 in the Weber State University Student Union Building.

Local 4-H centennial events planned - The Herald Journal: News

2012-01-31T09:15:00.000-07:00

Local 4-H centennial events planned - The Herald Journal: News: Utah State University Extension has announced it plans to celebrate the centennial of the Utah 4-H program with a variety of activities in Cache Valley throughout the year for both past and present members and the general public.

Greenhouse coordinator offers good advice | Deseret News

2012-01-23T10:57:00.000-07:00

Greenhouse coordinator offers good advice Deseret News: As a native of Cache Valley, she got her start in horticulture at Utah State University. "I got interested in horticulture when I took a home horticulture class at USU. I fell in love with the idea of that being a career.

Davis County 4-H group won livestock bowl

2012-01-18T10:06:00.000-07:00

Davis County 4-H group won livestock bowl: Congratulations to the Davis County 4-H-ers who won the Western National Round-Up Livestock Bowl Championship at the National Western Livestock Show in Denver, and at Colorado State University at Fort Collins.

Public offered free financial classes in Ogden

2012-01-13T10:38:00.000-07:00

Public offered free financial classes in Ogden: OGDEN — A free four-week community program to help households gain control of their finances will start at 6 p.m. Jan. 5.
Classes are taught throughout the year by Cottages of Hope and the Utah State University Weber County Extension Service.

Utah's San Rafael Swell is new battleground in the war on tamarisk - Utility Products Magazine

2012-01-13T10:36:00.000-07:00

Utah's San Rafael Swell is new battleground in the war on tamarisk - Utility Products Magazine: The current project, which began in 2008, has cost about $2 million so far. Funding has been provided by the National Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and its Wildlife Habitat Incentives Program and Watershed Restoration Initiative.
Utah State University, the Bureau of Land Management, and Emery County are also participating.

Utah First Lego League tournament qualifiers to be held | | St. George News | STGnews.comSt. George News | STGnews.com

2012-01-13T10:34:00.000-07:00

Utah First Lego League tournament qualifiers to be held St. George News STGnews.comSt. George News STGnews.com: Washington County members of the Utah First Lego League will be holding a series of qualifying events at the Sunrise Ridge Intermediate School on Jan. 7. The events will involve special Lego robots built and programmed by the teams to perform specific tasks.
Teams that qualify at the event will go to the state-level competition held in Salt Lake City on Jan. 28.
Paul Hill, an associate professor with the Utah State University Extension, said there are currently seven teams in Washington County that will be competing on Saturday.

Workshop to help improve children's self-esteem | Cache Valley Daily - News and Information for Cache Valley | Cache Valley News | Logan, UT News | Local News

2012-01-13T10:30:00.000-07:00

Workshop to help improve children's self-esteem Cache Valley Daily - News and Information for Cache Valley Cache Valley News Logan, UT News Local News: "Kids and Self Esteem." That's the theme for a Building Strong Families Workshop coming up Thursday, January 12 at 11 a.m. in the Cache County Administration Building's multi-purpose room.

The event is being co-sponsored by the Utah Commission on Marriage and the Utah State University Extension Office in Cache County. Adrie Roberts, family and consumer sciences agent for Extension Services, says the workshop is designed to hep parents and grandparents learn how to build their children and grandchildren's self-esteem.

Food storage battles: Store and ignore or a basement store? | Deseret News

2012-01-13T10:26:00.000-07:00

Food storage battles: Store and ignore or a basement store? Deseret News: But it requires a different mindset said Teresa Hunsaker, family and consumer sciences agent at the Utah State University Extension. "If all I am storing for is the big earthquake or the inevitably flood. If I am basing, philosophically, my food storage program on needing it because there is a natural disaster I typically will plan and structure it differently than if I look at it as a supplement to a financial downturn," she said.

What would dry winter mean for Utah’s forests? | The Salt Lake Tribune

2012-01-13T10:24:00.000-07:00

What would dry winter mean for Utah’s forests? The Salt Lake Tribune: “The real worry is if low snow levels persist and the high country dries out early, then you are more likely to get summer drought conditions that could stress native trees,” said Mike Kuhns, Utah State University Extension forester.

USU Extension Grand Opening | the Leader

2011-12-05T09:25:00.000-07:00

USU Extension Grand Opening the Leader: Utah State University recently held a ribbon cutting for the grand opening of the USU extension, 420 W. 600 N., Tremonton. Those involved in cutting the ribbon are (from left) Bear River Valley Chamber President Jonathan Roberts, USU Brigham City Dean Tom Lee, Utah House of Representatives Rhonda Menlove, Mayor Roger Fridal, Commissioner LuAnn Adams and BRV Chamber Coordinator John Kitch. Other BRV Chamber members were in attendance, along with USU employees and individuals from the community join the open house. There are nine rooms available and about 50 students have been attending fall classes at the extension from 8 a.m. to 10:30 p.m

Utah Pulse - These Weeds are Scary

2011-12-05T09:22:00.000-07:00

Utah Pulse - These Weeds are Scary: Invasive noxious weeds have been described as a raging biological wildfire – out of control, spreading rapidly, and causing enormous economic losses. Millions of acres in North America have been invaded or are at risk of being invaded by weeds, including cropland, pastures, rangelands, forests, wilderness areas, national parks, recreation sites, wildlife management areas, transportation corridors, waterways, wetlands, parks, golf courses, even yards and gardens. Belliston, Nathan et al., “Noxious Weed Field Guide for Utah”, Utah State University, http://www.utahweed.org/PDF/FieldGuide_Ed4.pdf

How to help your wind-damaged trees | The Salt Lake Tribune

2011-12-05T09:12:00.000-07:00

How to help your wind-damaged trees The Salt Lake Tribune: Wasatch Front residents who experienced harsh winds this week should check their trees for damage and think about hiring an arborist if they find snapped limbs or roots, according to a forestry extension agent.
It’s common in extreme windstorms for homeowners to miss some major hazards overhead when inspecting their grounds, said Mike Kuhns, extension forester at Utah State University. People with large elms, cottonwoods or ashes, among others, may have large broken limbs hung up on other limbs or hanging by their own remaining fibers.

Farm & Ag tax education website created by Univeristy | Natural Resource Report

2011-12-05T09:09:00.000-07:00

Farm & Ag tax education website created by Univeristy Natural Resource Report: Utah State University Cooperative Extension recently launched a Rural Tax Education website to provide farmers and ranchers and Extension educators with agriculturally-related income tax information. The homepage of the website includes information about upcoming free-of-charge webinars related to agricultural taxes, as well as a highlighted hot topic in the farm tax field. It also includes a link to the updated Tax Guide for Owners and Operators of Small and Medium Farms.

No knead to sweat for this bread

2011-11-29T10:14:00.000-07:00

No knead to sweat for this bread: Provo resident Jana Darrington, 34, grew up in a home where bread was central. “As my parents used to say, ‘Bread is the stuff of life!’ ” says Jana. “We have always had bread in some form or shape. ... I still prefer homemade bread over store-bought.” She points out that nearly all cultures have some type of bread, whether it’s flat or raised.
Now Jana helps people in her community learn how to make many types of bread, as well as develop other homemaking skills. She is an assistant professor of family and consumer sciences at the Utah State University Cooperative Extension in Provo and has worked there since May 2008.

Will shifting climate change Salt Lake’s urban forest? | The Salt Lake Tribune

2011-11-28T08:23:00.000-07:00

Will shifting climate change Salt Lake’s urban forest? The Salt Lake Tribune: It’s clear to Kuhns, a Utah State University Extension forester, what stripped the green from those manicured California imports before they recovered this fall, and it’s the same thing that happened to select breeds of trees and shrubs across the Salt Lake Valley on a November night last year.

Emery County Progress - Festive ideas for Thanksgiving - November 22, 2011

2011-11-22T15:11:00.000-07:00

Emery County Progress - Festive ideas for Thanksgiving - November 22, 2011: It was a Festive Thursday as plans were made for Thanksgiving. The monthly event is sponsored by the Utah State Extension Office with Barbra Jones and Christine Jensen lining out each month's activities. For the month of November, the theme was attitude of gratitude. Festive desserts and ideas were shown and hand outs given so everyone could try the dishes at home.

Federal income and self-employment tax help available on-line - Minnesota Farm Guide: Regional News - Federal income and self-employment tax help available on-line: Regional News

2011-11-16T10:12:00.000-07:00

Federal income and self-employment tax help available on-line - Minnesota Farm Guide: Regional News - Federal income and self-employment tax help available on-line: Regional News: Contributors to this website are members of a group involved in Extension work at their individual stateos land grant universities and/or are in private practice as CPAs or tax preparers. Many are members of the National Farm Income Tax Extension Committee that works with the IRS each year to make the Farmeros Tax Guide, Publication 225, more readable and understandable. Project leader for the group is Ruby Ward, Extension economist at Utah State University.

Lego robot competition spreads to St. George | | St. George News | STGnews.comSt. George News | STGnews.com

2011-11-14T15:16:00.000-07:00

Lego robot competition spreads to St. George St. George News STGnews.comSt. George News STGnews.com: ST. GEORGE – The University of Utah has announced the second annual FIRST LEGO League Championship to be held in January, 2012. Middle school students from across Utah again have the chance to team up and qualify for the main tournament in Salt Lake City.
The FIRST LEGO League is an international competition created for elementary and middle school students ages 9-14. The competitions are designed to promote teamwork, unity and creative problem solving as groups of students – focused around a LEGO robotics kit – learn about programming, robotics and other aspects of science and technology.

Drivers warned to watch out for deer

2011-11-14T15:08:00.000-07:00

Drivers warned to watch out for deer: State wildlife officials are warning anyone who drives that, while it's nice to have extra daylight in the morning, daylight savings also brings danger to the road.

Viva veggies! USU Extension offers free tips on nutrition - Standard-Examiner

2011-08-09T15:44:00.000-06:00

Viva veggies! USU Extension offers free tips on nutrition - Standard-Examiner: "CLEARFIELD -- A dash of garlic salt can add just the right amount of flavor to a summer squash.
Patty Langlois, a nutrition educator with the Utah State University Extension Service's 'Food Sense Nutrition Education' program, is sharing such tips as she dishes on vegetables for participants in a free class."

Utah State University: Home Ownership Class at SLCo Gov. Center

2011-08-08T10:38:00.000-06:00

Utah State University: Home Ownership Class at SLCo Gov. Center: "Utah State University's Extension Program brings to downtown Salt Lake an informative two-day class on home ownership. Topics discussed will include: how to prepare financially, determine the right home for you, find 1st time homebuyer grant programs, shop for a realtor, lender, title company, close the deal and handle life as a home owner.
Registration cost is $15 per houshold. Call 801-468-3179 to register at least two days before class."

Navigating MyPlate: New icon designed to help people be healthier | Deseret News

2011-07-27T13:22:00.000-06:00

Navigating MyPlate: New icon designed to help people be healthier Deseret News: "“It’s an effective idea that dieticians working with diabetics have used for some time,” said Melanie Jewkes, an assistant professor at Utah State University Extension."

Extension educators teach Iraqi counterparts | capitalpress.com

2011-07-07T10:50:00.000-06:00

Extension educators teach Iraqi counterparts capitalpress.com: "Western extension educators are helping their counterparts in Iraq teach farmers to feed their nation as it rebuilds from war.
Steve Van Vleet, an extension educator at Washington State University, participated in an 18-day tour of Iraq. He returned the week of June 27.
The tour was part of the Iraq Agricultural Extension Revitalization Project spearheaded by the Norman Borlaug Institute for International Agriculture at Texas A&M University. Besides WSU, other universities involved include the University of California-Davis, Utah State University and New Mexico State University."

Media-Newswire.com - Press Release Distribution - PR Agency

2011-07-07T10:45:00.000-06:00

Media-Newswire.com - Press Release Distribution - PR Agency: "(Media-Newswire.com) - KAYSVILLE, UT – Fewer Utahns went hungry last year, due to the 36,819 pounds of fresh produce donated to local food banks by the Utah State University Botanical Center Food Pantry Garden. The USU Extension Davis County project, now in its third year, continues to produce more each year. This year’s garden was planted with the needs of local food banks in mind after food pantry project organizers met with staff at local food banks to determine produce items most used in the two previous years."

ksl.com - USU research duo combines to ease hardship in Nepal

2011-06-23T13:37:00.000-06:00

ksl.com - USU research duo combines to ease hardship in Nepal: "LOGAN — Utah State University professors Robert Gillies and Dale Zobell come from different fields of study. Gillies studies meteorology and climate change, while Zobell specializes in the research of livestock and veterinary science.
But the two scientists have decided to merge their respective research areas with the hope to improve the lives of thousands of people living in 420 villages in Nepal."

Horse virus threat wanes - Vernal.com - The Vernal Express

2011-06-15T15:59:00.000-06:00

Horse virus threat wanes - Vernal.com - The Vernal Express: "Since the third week of May, Utah horse owners have voluntarily canceled or postponed horse-related events to minimize exposure.
Why a common virus turned deadly is uncertain, although Utah State University Extension veterinarian Kerry Rood, says some clues come from the event itself.
“The neurologic form seen in these competitive-type horses arose in animals under stress from long distance travel and the high-level of athletic competition,” Rood said."

Sun Advocate - Know your weeds: Hoary Cress or Whitetop - June 9, 2011

2011-06-09T16:41:00.000-06:00

Sun Advocate - Know your weeds: Hoary Cress or Whitetop - June 9, 2011: "As you drive around in the city, around the county and on the state highways or interstate you can easily see hoary cress starting to bloom now. Hoary cress is a Utah noxious weed. This means that property owners or managers have a legal responsibility to control/eliminate the plant."

Salt Lake events - Concerts, theater, entertainment in SLC, Utah

2011-06-09T16:40:00.000-06:00

Salt Lake events - Concerts, theater, entertainment in SLC, Utah: "This free, three part class presented by Utah State University's Extension Program gives participants the opportunity to learn how to grow a variety of different vegetables. The June 8 discussion will cover the growth of cucumbers and jicama, the July 13 class will discuss green bean growth, and the August 10 class will cover zucchini.
Pre-register online at: https://extension.usu.edu/saltlake/htm/register or by calling 801-468-3179."

Free financial class offered

2011-06-09T16:38:00.000-06:00

Free financial class offered

2011 Hidden Garden Tour - ksl.com

2011-05-31T15:53:00.000-06:00

2011 Hidden Garden Tour - ksl.com: "The Utah State University Extension Master Gardeners in Utah County invite you to join us for the 15th year of discovering some of Utah Valley's most beautiful private gardens."

Blackbirds in our wetlands-Wild About Utah - A Production of Utah Public Radio/KUSU/KUSR, Stokes Nature Center and Bridgerland Audubon Society

2011-05-31T08:06:00.000-06:00

Blackbirds in our wetlands-Wild About Utah - A Production of Utah Public Radio/KUSU/KUSR, Stokes Nature Center and Bridgerland Audubon Society: "Hi, this is Mark Larese-Casanova from the Utah Master Naturalist Program at Utah State University Extension"

San Juan Record - Horse owners don’t panic yet

2011-05-25T15:48:00.000-06:00

San Juan Record - Horse owners don’t panic yet: "Rumors and more rumors have been spreading through the horse-owning community like wildfire. I received calls to my office claiming that four horses had died at an activity in Ogden and that the entire western United States was now under quarantine.

As rumors generally go, there was little truth to be found. I contacted the USU Extension Veterinarian and the Utah Department of Agriculture and Food to try and discern what the real facts might be."

Utah Business | Articles

2011-05-24T15:53:00.000-06:00

Utah Business Articles: "“We are excited to be offering the Grow It, Eat It, Store It Series this summer. As Extension Assistant Professors we have expertise in horticulture or nutrition and preservation. By teaming up we are able to provide all-inclusive instruction centered on seasonal produce,” said USU Salt Lake County Extension Assistant Professor Katie Wagner. Participants will learn how to grow, prepare and preserve various seasonal produce."

Noxious Weed Field Guide for Utah - ksl.com

2011-05-24T15:51:00.000-06:00

Noxious Weed Field Guide for Utah - ksl.com: "The State of Utah has listed 27 plants on their noxious weed list. An Extension Publication titled 'Noxious Weed Field Guide for Utah' has been used extensively to teach the public about the identification and biology of the legally listed noxious weeds"

Weather might not be cooperating, but weeds grow strong | Deseret News

2011-05-23T08:05:00.000-06:00

Weather might not be cooperating, but weeds grow strong Deseret News: "Dr. Ralph Whiteside, Extension Weed Specialist for Utah State University has made that job a little easier. He has co-authored a new publication titled Common Weeds of the Yard and Garden.
He explains, 'The state of Utah has listed 27 plants on their noxious weed list. An extension publication titled 'Noxious Weed Field Guide for Utah' has been used extensively to teach the public about the identification and biology of the legally listed noxious weeds.'"

News & Multimedia - Cooperative Extension - extension.usu.edu

2011-05-17T11:07:00.000-06:00

News & Multimedia - Cooperative Extension - extension.usu.edu: "Women and Youth in Agriculture Conference
LOGAN, UT – Utah State University Extension co-sponsors the Great Basin Women and Youth in Agriculture Conference June 14-16 in Las Vegas, Nev. The conference is designed to educate women and youth in Nevada, Idaho and Utah about ongoing and emerging successful risk management strategies in production agriculture"

News & Multimedia - Cooperative Extension - extension.usu.edu

2011-05-17T11:06:00.000-06:00

News & Multimedia - Cooperative Extension - extension.usu.edu

USU Extension teams with 4-H for mock legislature | Cache Valley Daily - News and Information for Cache Valley | Cache Valley News | Logan, UT News | Local News

2011-04-26T19:39:00.000-06:00

USU Extension teams with 4-H for mock legislature Cache Valley Daily - News and Information for Cache Valley Cache Valley News Logan, UT News Local News: "Youths representing 17 counties across the state of Utah will debate current legislation at the Utah State Capitol on Tuesday, April 26 during the 22nd annual 4-H Mock Legislature."

Muskegon County Airport land to be used to grow bioenergy crops | MLive.com

2011-04-26T19:38:00.001-06:00

Muskegon County Airport land to be used to grow bioenergy crops MLive.com: "Utah's FreeWays to Fuel program is investigating the use of roadside rights of way, military bases and airports for growth of biofuel feedstock crops. The initial results from Utah State University Cooperative Extension's research are expected to be available by next year."

Workshop Wednesday, annual Indian agriculture summit scheduled Thursday, Friday in Sparks

2011-04-26T19:38:00.000-06:00

Workshop Wednesday, annual Indian agriculture summit scheduled Thursday, Friday in Sparks: "The event is also sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Risk Management and Farm Services agencies, Natural Resources Conservation Service, and Utah State University Cooperative Extension."

Biodiesel Magazine | biodieselmagazine.com

2011-04-15T10:30:00.000-06:00

Biodiesel Magazine biodieselmagazine.com: "Utah State University is home to a new bioenergy center. The University’s Board of Trustees recently approved the USU Extension Center for Agronomic and Woody Biofuels."

Japanese beetle spray Monday in Orem likely the last | Deseret News

2011-04-08T15:44:00.000-06:00

Japanese beetle spray Monday in Orem likely the last Deseret News: "Lewis attirbutes much of that to a cooperative effort forged by the city, the county, state agricultural officials, the Utah State University Extension Service and most importantly, the residents themselves."

Utah State University wants to offer advice about biofuels through extension offices :: The Republic

2011-04-06T09:46:00.000-06:00

Utah State University wants to offer advice about biofuels through extension offices :: The Republic: "LOGAN, Utah — Utah State University officials are proposing a program to provide information about biofuels through its statewide extension offices. The Logan Herald Journal says the programs would provide a clearinghouse for information about using plants for fuel, food and fiber, as well as other uses. USU Extension associate director Charles Gay says research, such as an ongoing biofuel project in Salt Lake County, could be coordinated by the extension office."

Utah State Today - Utah State University News

2011-04-03T17:15:00.000-06:00

Utah State Today - Utah State University News: "“As the world’s attention has shifted to alternative and renewable sources of energy, USU Extension and our faculty partners in the Colleges of Agriculture and Natural Resources have begun to look at oilseed crops and woody biomass that might be converted into biofuels or electrical energy,” said Charles W. Gay, associate vice president and associate director for USU Extension. “This new center will provide the point of focus we need to move forward.”"

Expanded role afoot for USU’s Extension - The Herald Journal: News

2011-04-03T17:13:00.000-06:00

Expanded role afoot for USU’s Extension - The Herald Journal: News: "Utah State University Extension will add a new office to its operations called the USU Extension Center for Agronomic and Woody Biofuels. The center will provide the organizational structure to support current research and Extension activities related to producing and using plants for food, fuel, feed, fiber and reclamation, known as agronomic science and technology. The USU Board of Trustees has already given approval to the new Extension office."

Indian agriculture and rural summit April 28-29 | RecordCourier.com

2011-03-31T16:38:00.000-06:00

Indian agriculture and rural summit April 28-29 RecordCourier.com: "The event is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Risk Management Agency, the USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service , the USDA Farm Service Agency, the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension's Indian Programs and the Utah State University Cooperative Extension. Additional funding is being provided by the Western Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education Program."

Mainstreet Business Journal - View Article

2011-03-31T16:34:00.000-06:00

Mainstreet Business Journal - View Article: "LOGAN, UT – The Utah State University Board of Trustees recently approved the new USU Extension Center for Agronomic and Woody Biofuels. The center will provide the organizational structure to support current research and Extension activities related to producing and using plants for food, fuel, feed, fiber and reclamation, known as agronomic science and technology. Research at the center will support crops and their conversion to biofuels in Utah, the region and the nation. The creation of the new center will require no new facilities, equipment or personnel."

Emery County Progress - Commission hears report on sage grouse protection - March 8, 2011

2011-03-25T10:04:00.000-06:00

Emery County Progress - Commission hears report on sage grouse protection - March 8, 2011: "The Emery County Commission heard a report from Todd Black concerning the sage grouse management plan. He works as a Utah State extension specialist and has been heavily involved in sage grouse management. Black showed trends in populations of the sage grouse over the years. Male sage grouse live in leks and there are three areas in Emery County which contain sage grouse."

Davis County Clipper - Courses to help parents

2011-03-25T10:00:00.000-06:00

Davis County Clipper - Courses to help parents: "FARMINGTON — Classes on enhancing parent-child relationships are being offered at no charge by Utah State University’s Extension - Davis County service.

Topics include looking for positives and the importance of being heard.

Sessions offered in Farmington start at noon on March 24 and April 14, in the Davis County Courthouse, 28 E. State Street, room 230. Participants are welcome to bring their lunch. Clearfield classes start at 6 p.m. in room 12 of Hill Field Elementary School, 389 S. 1000 E, on March 24 and 31."

Moab Times-Independent - b Gardening and Living in Grand Style b br i Organic matter organic matter organic matter… i

2011-03-20T10:31:00.000-06:00

Moab Times-Independent - b Gardening and Living in Grand Style b br i Organic matter organic matter organic matter… i: "When growing plants, the quality of the soil as relates to the type of plant you plan to grow is hugely important. For many of the plants we grow, such as vegetables, annuals and perennials, having as much organic matter in the soil as possible can mean the difference between just basic plant growth or very good and productive growth."

Head Start aids families | thespectrum.com | The Spectrum

2011-03-16T19:05:00.000-06:00

Head Start aids families thespectrum.com The Spectrum: "Judy Kempter, community and partnerships manager for SUU Head Start, said the program receives most of its funds from the federal government, which includes grants for the educational program as well as the meals provided for its students funded by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. She said the program also has a $10,000 grant from Utah State University Extension that funds a step-parents class."

Get more bang for your buck - Home and Garden - The Times-Tribune

2011-03-16T07:16:00.000-06:00

Get more bang for your buck - Home and Garden - The Times-Tribune: "Finding the money to pay bills is no easy task these days. Here are some financial strategies from Utah State University Extension that can help keep finances afloat.
- Evaluate your budget. Compare estimated monthly income and expenses for the year. Where could you cut back? If you have a cell phone, could you cancel your home phone? Revisit your budget every month. It should be flexible, and it needs to work for you."

Western Flowering Land Plants | eHow.com

2011-03-16T07:14:00.000-06:00

Western Flowering Land Plants eHow.com: "The western area of North America consists of many different biomes or growing climates. These areas range from desert areas with little rainfall to temperate rain forests with cool, wet winters to alpine regions with freezing temperatures."

4-H provides after-school club at Orchard Hills Elementary

2011-03-11T07:26:00.000-07:00

4-H provides after-school club at Orchard Hills Elementary: "Every day after the school bell rings, 40 to 50 happy children line up for a healthy snack and some physical activity before their clubs start.
Funded by a grant through Utah State University, the 4-H program provides learning activities for children in first through sixth grades at Orchard Hills Elementary in Santaquin."

Davis County Clipper - Classes to enhance Parent child bonds

2011-03-08T07:45:00.001-07:00

Davis County Clipper - Classes to enhance Parent child bonds: "DAVIS COUNTY — Classes intended to enhance the parent-child relationship will be held in Farmington and Clearfield, this month.

The Davis County Utah State University Extension is hosting fee classes at the Davis County Memorial Courthouse, 28 E. State Street, Room 230, March 10, March 24 and April 14 at noon in Room 230. Brown bag lunches are welcome."

Davis County Clipper - Nutrition Program offered at extension

2011-03-08T07:45:00.000-07:00

Davis County Clipper - Nutrition Program offered at extension: "FARMINGTON — Ways to build nutritional meals and families together at mealtime are among goals of the Food Sense Nutrition Education Program.

It is offered to low and moderate income households by the Davis County Utah State University Extension Service.

Tips to building a healthy family provided by Extension include:

• Enjoy healthy meals. Sit down and eat with your family at least once a day."

News & Multimedia - Cooperative Extension - extension.usu.edu

2011-02-27T17:48:00.000-07:00

News & Multimedia - Cooperative Extension - extension.usu.edu: "Can I Start My Vegetable Garden Inside?

LOGAN, UT – Answer by: Taun Beddes, Utah State University Extension horticultural agent, Cache County

One option many gardeners have not considered is raising vegetable starts indoors from seed to be later transplanted to the garden. Indoor growing takes extra work, but allows gardeners flexibility on the varieties they may use. It can also be an enjoyable way to extend the growing season"

Utah Saves Challenge: Commit to savings or debt reduction goal - ksl.com

2011-02-24T08:11:00.000-07:00

Utah Saves Challenge: Commit to savings or debt reduction goal - ksl.com: "Today's challenge is to commit to a savings or debt reduction goal such as opening a savings account, adding to your existing account, or opening a college savings account. To begin, join utahsaves.org and then share your commitment on our daily poll at imagineahappieryou.com"

'Spring' ahead and plant your garden early | Mormon Times

2011-02-24T08:07:00.000-07:00

'Spring' ahead and plant your garden early Mormon Times: "A good rule of thumb is to start your seeds about eight weeks before the last expected spring frost. When in doubt, contact a local grower or extension farm in your area. For Utahns, the Utah State University Cooperative Extension has many detailed tips for gardeners."

USU Extension opens Ag Conference with Bell | Mid-Utah Radio

2011-02-23T07:27:00.000-07:00

USU Extension opens Ag Conference with Bell Mid-Utah Radio: "(RICHFIELD) – The Utah State University Extension Service featured Lt. Gov. Greg Bell as the keynote speaker at the opening session of the 2011 Agriculture Conference today at the exhibit building at the Sevier County Fairgrounds in Richfield. Bell said one of the biggest challenges in agriculture in today’s economy is helping entreprenuers be successful in the business. During his speech, Bell said agriculture in Utah is a $15-billion business, or about a sixth of Utah’s economy and needs to have the proper attention paid to it. He said with great people, including Ag Commissioner, Leonard Blackham, at the head of agriculture in the state, the food grown in Utah will always be secure and safe."

iUtah - Spring Into Cleaning -Sponsored by Utah State University Extension Salt Lake County - Salt Lake City

2011-02-23T07:25:00.000-07:00

iUtah - Spring Into Cleaning -Sponsored by Utah State University Extension Salt Lake County - Salt Lake City: "Class will include creating a cleaning plan, techniques for cleaning each area of the home, ways to handle quick cleanups, how to save your pocketbook by the use of inexpensive-homemade, green cleaning products. Bring your lunch and enjoy! Presenter, Marilyn Albertson, Associate Professor of Family & Consumer Science, Utah State University SLCo."

Each day of Utah Saves Week can help families. | The Salt Lake Tribune

2011-02-23T07:24:00.000-07:00

Each day of Utah Saves Week can help families. The Salt Lake Tribune: "Need some inspiration to save more money and reduce debt? Utah Saves Week, Feb. 22-28, could help.
The nonprofit Utah Saves initiative kicked off Tuesday with a weeklong series of challenges, pep talks, workshops and classes designed to help Utahns improve their finances."

Utah State Today - Utah State University News

2011-02-21T09:05:00.000-07:00

Utah State Today - Utah State University News: "Kuhns, professor in USU’s Department of Wildland Resources and director of USU Forestry Extension, was awarded the 2010 Distinguished Service Award by the Utah Community Forest Council and the Utah Chapter of the International Society of Arboriculture."

Starting a Vegetable Garden in Utah | Garden Guides

2011-02-21T09:02:00.000-07:00

Starting a Vegetable Garden in Utah Garden Guides: "Growing vegetables is very popular in Utah, with many people enjoying the harvest of small but productive gardens. From the Great Salt Lake Desert in the northwest to the mountainous terrain that covers most of the state, the growing season varies widely."

Life on a Dairy Farm

2011-02-16T16:06:00.000-07:00

USU Extension Agent Helps Iraquis Rebuild

2011-02-15T13:57:00.000-07:00

USU professor: Feed sheep and cows protein, feed Iraqi farmers knowledge Standard-Examiner – Ogden, Layton, Brigham, Weber, Davis, Sports, Entertainment, Dining, Utah Jazz, Real Salt Lake, Ogden Raptors, Top of Utah News: "FARMINGTON -- For Justen Smith, restoring Iraq is all about the cows.
Smith, an associate professor for 4-H Livestock and Agriculture at Utah State University's Extension program in Farmington, spent the past four months in Iraq as part of a Provincial Reconstruction Team.While there, he taught citizens how to manage and maintain feed lots for cattle and sheep."

USU Extension celebrating marriage, family finances | Cache Valley Daily - News and Information for Cache Valley | Cache Valley News | Logan, UT News | Local News

2011-02-13T18:12:00.001-07:00

USU Extension celebrating marriage, family finances Cache Valley Daily - News and Information for Cache Valley Cache Valley News Logan, UT News Local News: "It's part of Marriage Celebration Week. Utah State University Extension is hosting a special class Thursday, Feb. 10 with the theme 'Enjoying Family Traditions and Making Memories.' Extension Vice President Adrie Roberts says the Utah Commission on Marriage is co-sponsoring the event."

Mainstreet Business Journal - View Article

2011-02-13T18:12:00.000-07:00

Mainstreet Business Journal - View Article: "LOGAN, UT – Utah Governor Gary R. Herbert and Senator Pat Jones will present and sign the Financial Responsibility Concurrent Resolution Tuesday, Feb. 22, in the State Capitol, designating the week of Feb. 22 to 28 as “Utah Saves Challenge Week.” This designation will declare the last week of February each year as Utah Saves Week."

With changes to phosphates in cleaners, extension agent asks people to have faith in science | Cache Valley Daily - News and Information for Cache Valley | Cache Valley News | Logan, UT News | Local News

2011-02-13T18:10:00.000-07:00

With changes to phosphates in cleaners, extension agent asks people to have faith in science Cache Valley Daily - News and Information for Cache Valley Cache Valley News Logan, UT News Local News: "Limits in Utah on phosphates in detergents will remain in place for now after a split vote in a Utah House committee this week failed to send a bill forward to rescind those limits. Claims have been made that restricting the phosphates is causing spotty dishes."

Moab Times-Independent - Gardening and Living in Grand Style Protect your valuables – keep a household inventory…

2011-02-13T18:09:00.000-07:00

Moab Times-Independent - Gardening and Living in Grand Style Protect your valuables – keep a household inventory…: "We all know that the longer you have been around the more items you are likely to own and have around your residence. As is the case with me, most of us probably have some items that aren’t worth a lot, but also some that have value. Should those valuable items be damaged, stolen or destroyed, wouldn’t we want the ability to recover some of their value?"

Lawmakers hear pitch for USU veterinary program | The Salt Lake Tribune

2011-02-13T18:08:00.000-07:00

Lawmakers hear pitch for USU veterinary program The Salt Lake Tribune: "By rinna waddhanyThe Salt Lake TribuneFirst published Feb 08 2011 05:00PM
Updated Feb 9, 2011 11:24AM
Pitch made for USU veterinary program
A Vernal lawmaker and practicing veterinarian said Utah should act now on a proposal to establish a vet school at Utah State University.
“We have this window of opportunity so let’s pursue it,” Rep. John Mathis, R-Vernal, told the Higher Education Appropriations Subcommittee on Tuesday. The proposal, which has been endorsed by the state Board of Regents, would create a partnership with Washington State University. Students would complete half of the program at USU and the other half at Washington."

All About Zucchini

2010-07-31T19:43:00.001-06:00

Tips for Canning

2010-07-31T19:33:00.003-06:00

Answer by: Carolyn Washburn, Utah State University Cooperative Extension family and consumer sciences agent

As gardens and orchards begin to produce in abundance, it is time to preserve these foods for future use. Home food preservation is easy, but proper guidelines must be adhered to for safe and long-lasting products.

Over the past years, many guidelines for home canning

have changed because of acidity levels, amounts of botulism and updated research about the safest methods. Consider these 10 tips for successful home canning.

• Produce is best canned when at its prime. Firm, ripe produce is best. Avoid bruised, over or under ripe products.

• Adjust for altitude. At increased elevations, it takes longer to boil water because of the lower temperatures. To be effective in killing bacteria growth, it is critical to increase canning times and adjust the pressure. Most books are written for elevations between zero and 1,000 feet. Know your elevation and adjust as directed.

• Know the acidity of foods since this determines the method for canning. High-acid foods, such as fruits, are safe to process in the water bath canner. Tomatoes need to have acid added for this process. Low-acid foods such as vegetables and meats need to be pressure canned in a proper pressure canner.

• Understand proper, safe canning methods. The only two approved and recommended processes are water bath canners for high-acid foods and pressure canners for low-acid foods. Pressure canning is the only safe method that will kill botulism spores. Always remember to vent the pressure canner for 10 minutes before putting on the weight. The steam canner is not recommended at this time for either acidic or low-acid foods. Processing times have not been adequately researched to achieve a safe product. Ovens, microwaves, dishwashers, crock pots, open kettles or the sun are not approved canning methods and should not be used.

• Salt and sugar are not preservatives for canned fruits and vegetables. Sugar is necessary in jams and jellies but can be omitted in fruits. Sugar increases the texture, color and flavor of the product. Vegetables are safely canned when salt is omitted, however, salt is necessary for canning pickles.

• Remember to remove the jar ring. Following a 12-hour cooling period of a processed product, remove the ring, wipe the jar, label it and place it on the shelf. Never reuse a flat lid in processing foods.

• Proper storage increases shelf life. When foods are stored in a cool, dry, dark atmosphere, the shelf life of the food is increased. For best use of the product, enjoy it within a year.

• Some foods should not be home canned. Breads, cakes, butter and flour are not safe for home canning. No approved methods are available for these products. Botulism can grow when oxygen is removed and the product is under processed.

• Don’t use grandma’s recipes. These recipes may be a treasure, but many of them are no longer considered safe practices. Make sure you are using an updated canning guide that has been revised since 1990. Current guidelines are available at the USDA canning site or in a current Ball Blue Book. Visit the National Center for Home Food Preservation website (http://www.uga.edu/nchfp/ ) where you can download safe and current information.

• Always keep safety in mind when canning. Knowledge and recommendations change over time with scientific developments. Use up-to-date recommendations rather than the practices of past generations.

*****

Direct column topics to Julene Reese, Utah State University Cooperative Extension writer, Logan, Utah, 84322-4900, 435-797-0810, Julene.reese@usu.edu.

Learn About Utah Lake Watch

2010-07-31T19:17:00.002-06:00

Learn about the Utah Lake Watch with Eric & Laura from Utah State University Water Quality Extension.

Food Poisoning Can Ruin Your Picnic

2010-07-20T08:41:00.005-06:00

Answer by: Carolyn Washburn, Utah State University Cooperative Extension family and consumer sciences agent

Picnics and barbecues provide great outdoor opportunities for food, family, friends and fun. But these hot summer events can also present opportunities for food-borne bacteria to thrive. Consider these reminders to keep your guests safe.

• Keep cold foods cold and hot foods hot. Avoid letting food sit out for more than two hours and only one hour if above 90 F. The danger food zone, where bacteria grow quickly, is between 40 F and 140 F. Cold foods should be stored at 40 F or below to prevent the growth of bacteria, and hot foods should be kept hot. Use food coolers with ice or frozen gel packs to keep food cold. To help protect hot foods, wrap them well and place in an insulated container until serving time.

• Organize your foods. Cross contamination occurs when meat juices contact perishable fresh foods. Organize coolers and refrigerators to avoid juices dripping or mixing with fresh produce. Using separate coolers for perishable foods and canned beverages will prevent cross contamination and also keep perishable foods cooler when the beverage cooler is frequently opened.

• Keep foods in a cool location. Place cooler and bags out of direct sunlight, under tables or in the shade. Avoid opening the cooler more often than needed.

• Keep utensils, plates, table tops and hands clean to avoid cross contamination. If you are not sure if you will have enough water for cleaning, pack cloths and wet towelettes. Food safety begins with proper hand washing, even in the outdoors. Hand sanitizers are also helpful to have at picnic areas.

• When grilling, always cook meats to the proper internal temperature of 160 F for ground beef, 145 F for steaks and 165 F for chicken breasts. Use a meat thermometer to check the temperature. If using a marinade with meats, keep in the refrigerator until grilling time and never reuse. Always discard the leftover marinade. Remember to put fully cooked meats on a clean dish using clean utensils to avoid contamination of raw juices and possible bacteria.

• Clean produce. Rinse fresh fruits and vegetables, even those with rinds and skins that are not eaten, under running water before packing them in the cooler. Packaged fruits and vegetables that are labeled “ready to eat” or “washed” do not need to be rewashed.

• When shopping in summer, buy cold foods such as meat and poultry last, right before checkout, and then separate them from other foods in your shopping cart. To guard against cross-contamination, put packages of raw meat and poultry into plastic bags. Plan to drive directly home from the grocery store. You may want to take a cooler with ice for perishables. At home, place meat and poultry in the refrigerator immediately. Freeze poultry and ground meat that won't be used in one or two days; freeze other meat within four to five days.

Make it a habit to use safe food handling and hand washing practices to prevent food-borne illness. When in doubt of the food safety of a product, be safe and throw it out.

*****

Direct column topics to Julene Reese, Utah State University Cooperative Extension writer, Logan, Utah, 84322-4900, 435-797-0810, julener@ext.usu.edu.

4-H Public Speaking Contest

2010-07-19T08:14:00.000-06:00

And the winner is...

How to Boat Safely

2010-07-09T09:05:00.003-06:00

Answer by: Richard Beard, Utah State University Cooperative Extension agricultural equipment specialist

Many Utah residents are heading for the nearest lake or dam to beat the summer heat. Whether you own some type of watercraft, rent one or are going along for the ride, keep safety and courtesy in mind. Consider these tips.

• Practice defensive boating. Nationally, operator fault has been determined in more than 75 percent of boating accidents. Common causes include excessive speed, failure to maintain proper lookout, carelessness and inexperience. About 33 percent of boating citations involve improper boat handling. This includes collisions, excessive speed, violation of no wake areas, operating in restricted areas and reckless or careless operation on the water. Further, drugs or alcohol have been involved in one-third of all boating fatalities and this jumps to 50 percent for nighttime accidents.

• Wear a life jacket. Boating accidents can occur without warning. It is estimated that 75 percent of those who drown in water accidents would have survived had they worn a personal flotation device (PFD). Utah law requires that boats have a properly sized U.S. Coast Guard-approved PFD for each person aboard. With few exceptions, all individuals being towed in the water, operating a personal watercraft, 12 years of age or younger and white water rafting are required by law to wear a PFD.

• Be smart about propeller operation. When swimmers are in the water near the boat, turn off the engine.

• Watch for swimmers. Boat operators and passengers should scan the water surface for floating obstacles and swimmers and be prepared to slow and change direction if necessary. Often swimmers are found in areas where they shouldn’t be, such as harbors, launch ramps, docks and in areas marked with “no swimming.”

• Plan for emergencies. Common emergencies include colliding with another boat or obstacle, capsizing, someone falling overboard and bad weather. Boats are required by law to have on-board safety equipment such as PFDs, fire extinguishers, navigation lights, audible signaling devices and bailing devices. Safety equipment should be available and in good operating condition. Be sure you know how to use it. Proper equipment and the knowledge of how to use it can make the difference between an emergency that results in a fatality or one that simply becomes an inconvenience.

• File a float plan. Notify a responsible person of your boating plan. Tell them when and where you are going and the scheduled time of return. In the event of an accident or mechanical breakdown, a float plan could save your life. It can determine how quickly someone begins looking for you and the size of the area searched. The importance of a float plan is described in a brochure distributed by the National Boating Federation, “Help Take the Search Out of Search and Rescue,” available by request at http://www.n-b-f.org/.

• Have a radio or cell phone on board. In the event of an emergency or mechanical problem, a radio is the best way to request assistance. Assistance calls are transmitted on channel 16, which is the channel monitored for search and rescue. However, often the closest assistance is another watercraft in the immediate area. Cell phones can also be useful, but the signal may not work and other boats cannot monitor your request for assistance.

• Look before turning. The noise level of a boat makes it difficult to hear another boat approaching. This problem is compounded by a faster watercraft overtaking a slower one. An inattentive operator can turn into the path of a faster boat, resulting in a collision or sideswipe.

• Use caution when on personal watercraft (PWC) vehicles such as wave runners and jet skis. Some PWC hazards include high speeds and limited braking capabilities. Also, operators and passengers are relatively unprotected in the event of a spill or collision. Utah has regulations governing who can operate PWC’s and where and how they can be used. Utah law requires training before youth 12 to 17 years of age may operate a PWC without an adult on board.

• Respect all boaters. Fellow boaters who are also trying to beat the heat can cause overcrowding of lakes and waterways. Respect their rights. Operation of a boat in a negligent manner that endangers lives or property is illegal. A copy of Utah’s boating laws, a free home study course and information on safe boating classes are available by contacting Utah State Parks and Recreation at (801) 538-7378 or at http://stateparks.utah.gov/boating. Other sites include U.S. Coastguard Office of Boating Safety at http://www.uscgboating.org/ and the Foundation for Aquatic Injury Prevention at http://aquaticisf.org/.

Edit Your Lawn with Edging

2010-07-08T11:09:00.002-06:00

Answer by: Jerry L. Goodspeed, Utah State University Cooperative Extension horticulturist

Although it is more work, finished, neat edges can make a landscape look polished and attractive. A lawn area may look green and lush, but if the edges are uneven or untrimmed, the whole yard can seem unkempt. Consider these tips to keep your landscape tidy.

• Remove and prevent grass from growing where it cannot be easily reached by a mower. This will help reduce edging time. Spray a non-selective herbicide such as Roundup or Finale to kill the grass and weeds around trees, fence posts, walls and rocks. Leave a large grass-free zone around trees and a smaller strip around rocks, fences and walls.

• Mix a pre-emergent herbicide such as Surflan with Roundup to prevent grass and weeds from returning. This kills existing weeds and deters germination for a few weeks.

• Design the landscaped area so it requires a minimal amount of edging or trimming. This means trees, shrubs and flowers should not be placed in the lawn, but in separate planting areas. Surround fences and rocks with some sort of edging material to prevent weeds and grass from growing up the fence or around the rocks.

• Consider the various materials that can be used as an edge around flower and shrub beds. Cement, redwood binder board, vinyl, rubber, bricks and other materials all reduce the amount of trimming required. There is no perfect edging material, however. Each has its benefits and drawbacks.

• Black, thick rubber edging material holds its shape for many years, but can be expensive. Cheaper vinyl and plastic products are inexpensive, but tend to lose their shape over time. Redwood eventually wears out, but is attractive and natural looking for many years. Cement, bricks and other hard materials last for many years, but can also be costly. Cement edging appears cold in a landscape and makes it difficult to change the shape of beds. Bricks are usually very moveable, but can be too mobile at times.

• One cost-free option for maintaining a clean appearance and keeping the grass in its place is to cut along the edge with a spade or shovel, leaving a 6-inch deep cut between the bed and the grass. A small scoop shovel leaves a straighter edge. This method needs to be repeated two or three times a year.

****
Direct column topics to Julene Reese, Utah State University Cooperative Extension writer, Logan, UT 84322-4900, julene.reese@usu.edu.

Tips on Raising Backyard Chickens

2010-06-28T08:20:00.001-06:00

Answer by: David D. Frame, Utah State University Cooperative Extension Poultry Specialist

Some keep backyard chickens as a ready source of eggs and meat, others for help in pest control and some just because they are fun to watch. Whatever the reason, chickens can be a great resource if properly managed and given appropriate care. Consider these tips.

• Be aware of basic brooding needs in the first three to four weeks of a chick’s life. These include clean water, quality chick starter feed, clean litter (pine or cedar shavings are recommended) and a circular confined area to keep the chicks from wandering from the heat source.

• Provide a building large enough for proper air circulation but small enough to keep chicks from getting too cold in winter. Plan to have one-and-a-half to two feet of floor space per adult chicken. Housing should provide easy access to feed and water and provide nesting areas for hens in egg production.

• Although not mandatory, it is a good idea to provide perches. These allow birds to stay off the floor, particularly as they roost at night. Manure tends to accumulate in greatest concentration under the roost area, keeping the rest of the bedding material cleaner. Allow six to 10 inches of linear perch space for each chicken housed.

• Provide nest boxes as furnishings for a hen house so she has a secluded place to lay eggs. Commercial or homemade boxes both work. Box height and width should be 12 to 15 inches by at least 12 inches deep. One nest box is required for each four to five hens. Place nest boxes no less than 18 inches above the floor. Add at least two to three inches of clean, dry shavings to reduce egg breakage and minimize the number of soiled eggs.

• Be aware of water needs. If inadequate water is available, not only will eating decrease, but so will egg production and growth. Fountain-type drinkers are affordable and easily moved around. Watch carefully so they don’t become empty. Water should be changed frequently in order to prevent bacterial growth, over-warming in summer or freezing in winter. Provide at least two or three additional drinkers as a buffer against spillage or leakage.

• Ensure that feed is not stale, rancid or moldy. This can cause disease or nutritional deficiencies if consumed. Purchase feed that is fresh. Vitamins will start to degrade if feed is stored for prolonged periods. Plan to purchase new feed at least every two months. Always store feed away from heat, moisture and direct sunlight and protect it from rodents.

• Be aware that feeders come in a wide array of sizes and designs. Trough feeders are usually used for young chicks, and bucket feeders of various sizes for growing and adult chickens. Feeders should be raised off the ground and positioned level with the mid-to-upper breast region of the chickens. Keep feeders in an area protected from moisture, wild animals and free-flying birds. Chickens can forage for bugs and greens, but always provide them access to the appropriate type of formulated balanced feed.

• Note that hens do not need roosters present to produce eggs. Increasing day length, not the presence of males, stimulates egg production. A rule of thumb is that four to five hens will supply two to four eggs per day during their production cycle. Pullets (young females) reach sexual maturity and are capable of laying eggs when about five to seven months of age; however, this can vary depending on the breed and strain.

• Be aware that during the molt, hens go out of egg production and lose feathers. Under natural conditions, this occurs in the fall or winter. However, modern layer strains have been bred to maintain high egg production over a long period. Therefore, you may find your flock laying eggs and losing feathers at the same time. The laying cycle causes the feathers to become worn and broken. After the molt, hens have a new covering of feathers. They generally produce fewer eggs with each molt. Eggshell strength may also be reduced with each subsequent molt.

• Be a good neighbor. Keep your chickens enclosed and confined to your property. Properly dispose of used poultry litter. Although chickens pose a relatively low risk of giving disease to humans, there are a few infections that can be transmitted back and forth. Proper care and handling of eggs and processing of poultry carcasses are critical to avoid problems. Small backyard flocks, if not properly managed, could significantly increase the probability of disease exposure to the commercial industry.

• For fact sheets on raising backyard chickens and other information on poultry, visit http://extension.usu.edu/htm/publications/by=category/category=39.

Menu Ideas for Radishes

2010-06-21T09:15:00.001-06:00

Learn everything there is to know about radishes: red, raw & cooked.

How to Pick a Mutual Fund

2010-06-21T09:03:00.003-06:00

Answer by: Amy Stuart, Utah State University Cooperative Extension family and consumer sciences intern with information from http://datek.smartmoney.com/

Mutual funds are a great way to invest. They offer diversification, convenience, professional management and lower costs. With more than 8,000 to choose from, it can be difficult to select the mutual fund that is right for you. Consider these seven steps to help make the process easier.

1. Make a plan. To begin, you will need to decide on your investment goals. Why are you investing? Are you saving for a down payment on a home? Planning for retirement? Want to peg your bonus check on a rising international fund? It is all up to you. Your goals will affect the type of fund you choose.

2. Determine the best asset allocation for your investment. Asset allocation refers to the varying class options for your money. There are dozens of ways to allocate your assets, and it is a good idea to broaden your assets to help diversify your portfolio. An example of an allocation option is a large-cap fund. These funds come from companies that have been around for a long time and are known for being a solid and relatively safe investment (although there are no guarantees). Other asset allocation options may be value funds, speculative funds, growth bonds or income stocks.

3. Be sure to assess your risk tolerance level before investing. Can you handle the ups and downs of the funds you may select? If you will need your money within the next five to seven years, you may want to take a more conservative route; if not, you can be a bit more aggressive.

4. Trim your options. After you have determined your plan, asset allocation options and risk tolerance, trim your investment options. Many people worry about which fund to choose from among the 8,000 available. It is a big task, but there are ways to tell the good from the not so good. The Internet is a great resource to help narrow the options. Two helpful screening tools are morningstar.com or smartmoney.com/fundfinder. Financial magazines, such as Fortune or Money Magazine, also provide lists to help trim the selection. Narrow your list to about 30 fund options and use the next three steps to select the final one or two funds for investment.

5. Check past performance. It is not wise to base your decision solely on how well the fund has done in the past, but it would be ignorant not to take the past into account. Research shows that the highest performing funds don’t stay that way for very long, but the lowest rating funds usually do. By looking at past performance, you may be able to predict the good ones.

Another way to tell if it is a good fund is to look at the index. Compare the fund to a benchmark, like the S&P 500 or other funds with similar objectives. You can make an educated decision just by comparing it to the market.

6. Understand the fees. You can never predict what your fund will do in the next year, but you can always predict how much it will cost. Control what you can. It is vital to consider the fees associated with the fund. Fees reduce the total return of your investment; research shows funds with low fees are likely to outperform those that give higher returns. Try to avoid funds with an expense ratio higher than 2 or 3 percent.

Select no-load funds over load funds. Load funds charge a sales commission to compensate brokers involved in transactions. No-load funds offer the same without commission.

7. Know your manager. One of the great aspects of mutual funds is the professional management. But just because they are professional doesn’t mean they are good. Be careful who you entrust your money to; it is important to look at how long the manager has been around and producing good returns. Three years of supervising the fund is a good number to look for when assessing a manager. You can find information about fund managers online or in financial magazines. Good managers are generally popular in the media.

There is no set formula for the best way to invest. It just takes practice. There are many great articles online or in books that can assist in the process. The more familiar you become with investing, the better you will be. For more information, visit: http://datek.smartmoney.com/.

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Direct column topics to: Julene Reese, Utah State University Extension, Logan, Utah 84322-4900, 435-797-0810; julene.reese@usu.edu

Beyond Sunblock

2010-06-11T09:12:00.002-06:00

By: Kathleen Riggs, Utah State University Cooperative Extension family and consumer sciences agent, Iron County

Some people think about sun protection only when they spend a day at the lake, beach or pool. But sun exposure adds up day after day, and it happens every time you are in the sun.

According to the American Cancer Society, more than one million people are diagnosed with skin cancer every year, with rates steadily rising, making skin cancer the most common type of cancer in the United States. The major risk factor for developing skin cancer is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays found in sunlight and tanning bed lamps.

The sun gives off energy in the form of radiation. Although we can see sunlight, we can't see or feel the sun's UV rays. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is made of UVA and UVB wavelengths or rays. UVB rays are short, powerful and harmful rays that affect the outer layers of the skin. UVB causes sunburn and produces melanin, which gives people a tan. It also damages DNA in the skin, which causes skin cancer. UVA rays are long rays that penetrate deep into the skin. UVA damages the skin causing wrinkling, sagging and premature aging. It may also have a role in causing skin cancer.

With all the bad news, the good news is that skin cancer is one of the most preventable, treatable cancers if found early. “Slip! Slop! Slap! … and Wrap” is a catch phrase developed by the American Cancer Society to remind people of four key methods they can use to protect themselves from UV radiation. Slip on a shirt, slop on sunscreen, slap on a hat and wrap on sunglasses to protect the eyes, and sensitive skin around them, from ultraviolet light.

• Slip on a shirt. When you are in the sun, wear clothing to protect as much skin as possible. Clothes provide different levels of protection, depending on many factors. Long-sleeved shirts and long pants or skirts cover the most skin and are the most protective. Dark colors generally provide more protection than light colors. A tightly woven fabric protects better than loosely woven clothing. Dry fabric is generally more protective than wet fabric. If you can see light through a fabric, UV rays can get through too. Be aware that covering up doesn’t block out all UV rays. A typical light T-shirt worn in the summer usually protects you less than sunscreen with a sun protection factor (SPF) of 15 or higher.

• Slop on sunscreen. It is important to remember that sunscreen does not give you total protection. When using an SPF 15 and applying it correctly, you get the equivalent of one minute of UVB rays for each 15 minutes you spend in the sun. So, one hour in the sun wearing SPF15 sunscreen is the same as spending four minutes with skin unprotected. Naturally, SPF’s as high as 100 are now available and higher numbers mean more protection. However, no sunscreen provides complete protection. Regardless of the SPF, sunscreen should be reapplied about every two hours.

• Slap on a hat. A hat with at least a two- to three-inch brim all around is ideal because it protects areas often exposed to the sun such as the neck, ears, eyes, forehead, nose and scalp. A shade cap, which looks like a baseball cap with about seven inches of fabric draping down the sides and back, is also good. These are often sold in sports and outdoor supply stores.

• Wrap on sunglasses. Research has shown that long hours in the sun without protecting your eyes can increase your chances of developing eye disease. UV-blocking sunglasses can help protect your eyes from sun damage. The ideal sunglasses don’t have to be expensive, but they should block 99 to 100 percent of UVA and UVB radiation. Check the label for information. If there is no label listing protection, assume the sunglasses provide no protection at all.

One final bit of advice from the American Cancer Society is to perform a skin self-examination. Look for changes in color, shape and size of any freckle, mole, blemish or other abnormality on your skin at least once per month, and report changes to your physician.

For more information about the causes, prevention and treatment of skin cancer, visit the following websites: American Cancer Society (www.cancer.org), The American Academy of Dermatology (www.aad.org) and Skin Cancer Foundation (www.skincancer.org).

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Direct column topics to Julene Reese, Utah State University Cooperative Extension writer, Logan, Utah, 84322-4900, 435-797-0810, julener@ext.usu.edu.

Cool Cucumbers

2010-06-11T08:54:00.003-06:00

Learn from Anita: how to pick the best cucumber, peel it, cut it and store it so it stays crisp & cold.

How to Avoid Foreclosure

2010-06-01T08:44:00.002-06:00

Answer by: Carolyn Washburn, Utah State University Cooperative Extension family and consumer science agent, Washington County

In today’s economy, making ends meet is becoming more difficult. For some, it is impossible. If you are struggling financially and concerned about keeping your home, consider these suggestions.

• Prioritize your spending. After health-care, housing should be your first priority. Review your finances and see where spending can be cut. Areas such as cable TV, memberships, entertainment and eating out are good places to start. Delay payments on credit cards and other “unsecured” debt until you have first paid your mortgage.

• Use your assets. Look for assets such as a second car, jewelry or whole life insurance policy that could be sold for cash to help reinstate your loan. Determine if anyone in your household can get an additional job to bring in extra income. Even if these efforts don't significantly increase your available cash or income, they demonstrate to your lender that you are willing to make sacrifices to keep your home.

• Respond quickly. If you’re having trouble making your monthly mortgage payments, contact your lender immediately. When a late notice arrives in your mail, open it immediately and call your lender. He or she may direct you to a housing counselor. The U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development funds free or low-cost counseling nationwide. Housing counselors can help you understand the law and your options, help organize your finances and represent you in negotiations with your lender if necessary. A housing counselor may also offer direction on a forbearance, which can allow a temporary loan postponement or even reduced loan payments. To find a HUD-approved housing counselor near you, call 800-569-4287.

• Talk with your lender. Find out how much you currently owe and what it will take to suspend the foreclosure process. Contrary to what you may think, the lender does not want your home. Find out the cost of late fees, collection fees and attorney fees. For your records, be sure to record who you spoke to, the date and what was said. If you can postpone the foreclosure, this will provide you with time to fully exhaust other options such as refinancing, listing the property, doing a short sale or selling the property to an investor. Get as much time as you can to prevent long-term damage to your credit rating. Make sure you fully understand the terms of agreement with the lender and that you abide by the time frames. Be sure to get everything in writing, or it is not really an agreement. Also remember to use registered or certified mail in all your correspondence on legal matters.

• Consider refinancing. Your current mortgage may be part of the problem. In the last five years, many people have obtained interest-only or adjustable-rate mortgages, and the payment now has increased to an unmanageable level. Use caution in shopping for alternatives since mortgage rates and programs change daily.

• Consider a short sale, where the lender may permit you to accept a contract on the property for less then what is actually owed. You will need to speak to the lender personally regarding this, not to a collector.

• Consider selling. If the above steps have not solved your problem, you may need to sell your home. It is better to sell it yourself than to have it repossessed by the lender and damage your credit.

• Be aware of foreclosure recovery scams. If any agency claims it can stop your foreclosure immediately by having you sign a document appointing it to act on your behalf, you may well be signing over the title to your property and becoming a renter in your own home. Never sign a legal document without reading and understanding all the terms and getting professional advice from an attorney, a trusted real estate professional or an approved housing counselor. Solutions that sound too simple or too good to be true usually are. If you're selling your home without professional guidance, beware of buyers who try to rush you through the process. Unfortunately, there are people who may try to take advantage of your financial difficulty.

No one knows what the economy will bring, but by being conservative in spending and cautious with financial decisions, you can weather the economic storms.

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Direct column topics to Julene Reese, Utah State University Extension writer, Logan, Utah, 84322-4900, 435-797-0810, julener@ext.usu.edu.

Cooking with Jicama - Only ugly on the outside

2010-05-24T08:51:00.005-06:00

What is Jicama? a crispy, sweet, edible root that resembles a turnip in physical appearance; also known as the Mexican potatoe or yam bean (because it actually is a legume).

Why try it? Very nutritious, inexpensive & versatile in how you can use it

How to cook with it:

Don't Treat In-Laws like Outlaws

2010-05-17T08:51:00.002-06:00

Answer by: Brian Higginbotham, Utah State University Cooperative Extension family life specialist and James Marshall, University of Arkansas Cooperative Extension family life specialist, with information from the Utah Marriage Handbook: Keys to a Healthy Marriage.

In-laws can be a source of support as well as a source of stress. The more mutual respect and appreciation you have for your in-laws, the more security and stability you and your spouse will have in your marriage. Consider these tips for building strong in-law relationships.

• Seek approval. If you aren’t yet married, seek parental approval. If you have their approval, you are more likely to have their long-term support.

• Know what to call them. Ask your in-laws what they would like to be called. Some might want you to call them mom and dad, but others might prefer that you call them by their first names. Finding this out will help you feel more comfortable with one another. Keep in mind, this may change over time.

• Get your own place. Some couples, for one reason or another, decide to start their married lives together by living with one set of parents. This rarely works out and can be difficult for all parties. Having your own place is a crucial step toward independence.

• Be independent together. You and your spouse should make your own decisions regarding such issues as schooling, finances, children and employment. Asking your parents or in-laws for advice is okay, but make sure you and your spouse make the final decisions together.

• Set boundaries. It is a good idea for you and your spouse to set boundaries so that in-laws are clear about your time and privacy limits. This may involve a discussion of how often and how long you visit each other’s families, whether it is okay for them to drop by your home unannounced or whether weekly family dinners are too much. Politely letting your parents know how you feel will help them know when and how often they’re welcome in your home. Once you and your spouse are in agreement, it’s important that you each present your ideas directly to your own parents.

• Share activities. Identify social and recreational activities that both you and your in-laws enjoy. Activities together will help you get to know them better and feel more comfortable with them.

• Appreciate them. Be sure to thank your in-laws regularly for the things they do for you, including being the parents of the spouse you love.

• Avoid financial puppetry. Remember that financial support from in-laws could have strings attached, and you may end up feeling like they’re using those strings to influence your decisions. Know what strings, if any, are attached to their support, and abide by those expectations, or don’t accept money to begin with.

• Focus on their strengths. As with all relationships, it is always best not to focus on the negative. Accept any difference that exist, and look for positive attributes.

Direct column topics to Julene Reese, Utah State University Cooperative Extension writer, Logan, Utah, 84322-4900, 435-797-0810; julener@ext.usu.edu

Transplanting Large Plants

2010-05-04T11:00:00.001-06:00

Learn the basics of how and when to transplant larger plants in your garden:

Cooking with Dry Beans

2010-05-04T10:10:00.002-06:00

Learn from Anita about cooking with dry beans:

Tips on Raising Well-Adjusted Children

2010-04-30T11:20:00.003-06:00

Answer by: Kathy Riggs, Utah State University Cooperative Extension family and consumer sciences agent, Iron County

Any parent can tell you that raising children is hard work requiring limitless time, patience and energy. Consider these 10 suggestions and reinforcement tools that can help you raise healthy, well-adjusted children. They are adapted from an article published on www.Buzzle.com by author Cheryl Zarra.

• Get physical. That’s right. This may require playing with your children. Taking the kids to the park may help them get the wiggles out, but why not join in the fun? This will help your child feel important and help you both create memories of time spent together.

• Plan downtime. While adults often try to squeeze all they can into a day, rushing your child from place to place or setting tight time limits on their play time can create stress and tension. Give in every now and then and do something they want to do.

• Relax together. Some children do not know how to relax. Do your children see you take time to read, take a nap or just sit and enjoy the outdoors occasionally? Your example can help them slow down and you can even involve them in your own “time out.”

• Be silly. Adults and children alike need to let go of stress, and one of the most effective ways to do that is to laugh out loud. Children are naturally silly, so join in the fun.

• Praise your child whenever possible. It’s easy to fall into the trap of always criticizing what a child is doing wrong. One of the best pieces of advice for parenting is to catch your child doing something good and praise him or her openly and specifically.

• Don’t expect perfection. Whether you have a small child or teenagers, remember that they are still fairly new to the world and lack experience in being able to successfully carry out many tasks on a consistent basis. They need ample time to experiment and develop their minds and coordination. Seek to be patient, and treat each attempt at completing a task as the first. This will remove the pressure of perfection from your child. Children generally want to help with grown up things, but they also want to express their independence.

• Feed your child the right foods.The body uses food as fuel. What type of fuel does your child need to keep going throughout the day and grow healthy and strong? The key is variety from the food groups incorporated into MyPyramid (see www.MyPyramid.gov). Don’t forget that snacks are part of a child’s healthy diet, but beware of snack foods with hidden salt, sugar and fat.

• Create opportunities for self-expression. Activities such as dancing, coloring, sketching, building with blocks or Legos® or playing a musical instrument all create opportunities for brain stimulation. Any activity that allows kids to play with little direction allows them to explore and open up their minds to new possibilities.

• Teach independence. Allow your child the sense of pride that comes from doing something without help. While it may take several times to master a task, allowing the child to go as far as he or she can with limited coaching from a parent helps them grow and learn new skills.

• Pay attention. Have you ever spoken on the phone to someone who is doing something else or talking with someone else at the same time? It can be frustrating and makes you feel unimportant. Remember that children can sense when they have your attention, and you may need to stop, get down to eye level with them and listen to what they are saying.

Raising a child can be the most wonderful, rewarding experience of your life. Incorporating a few additional tools into your parenting scheme may increase the joy and feelings of success for both you and your child.

Direct column topics to Julene Reese, Utah State University Extension writer, Logan, Utah, 84322-4900, 435-797-0810; julener@ext.usu.edu

How to Prune a Rose Bush

2010-04-29T09:02:00.000-06:00

Butter or Margarine?

2010-04-22T08:51:00.000-06:00

Answer by: Sara Oldroyd, Utah State University Extension family and consumer sciences agent, Salt Lake County

With questions in abundance regarding whether butter or margarine is better for your health, it is important to know the facts. Consider these answers to frequently asked questions.

Q: Was margarine originally manufactured to fatten turkeys? I heard it killed the turkeys, so the people who put money into the research tried to figure out what to do with this product to get their money back.

A: Margarine was made to increase the shelf life of foods. Hydrogenation is the process of taking an oil (most often soybean, although canola, olive and other oils can be used) and adding hydrogen molecules to the chemical structure in order to make it more solid. This development increased the shelf life of foods so they could stay on the shelf for weeks instead of days. Though it may sound a bit unappetizing, in reality this process helped people save time and money…and Americans are all about that. We could assume that part of the manufacturing of margarine was to make money (that’s business as usual), but we should probably add that it benefitted the public as well with a safer and more stable food supply.

Q: I’ve heard you can purchase a tub of margarine and leave it open in your garage and within a couple of days, no flies, not even pesky fruit flies, will go near it. Why?
A: Flies swarm around things that smell, including rotting fruit or rancid butter. They won’t swarm around margarine because it doesn’t smell rancid for a much longer time due to hydrogenation. Oil can be kept in the cupboard instead of the fridge for this same reason. Since margarine is made of oil, it doesn’t go rancid as fast because of its chemical structure.

Q: Margarine is a white substance with no food appeal, so I heard yellow coloring was added to be sold to people to use in place of butter. Why are so many clever new flavorings and colorings added?

A: Oil, and hence margarine, do not taste like butter ? they are bland. Flavorings are added to appease the public’s taste. Both butter and margarine have yellow color added to make them look more appetizing.

Q: I heard that margarine is only one molecule away from being plastic. How can this be?

A: On a chemical level, both butter and margarine are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen molecules. Plastic does not have the oxygen molecules, only long chains of carbon and hydrogen. In reality, butter and margarine are much closer in chemical structure than plastic is to either of them.

Q: I heard that margarine triples the risk of coronary heart disease. It increases total cholesterol and LDL (the bad cholesterol) and lowers HDL cholesterol (the good cholesterol). It increases the risk of cancers up to five-fold, lowers the quality of breast milk and decreases immune and insulin response. Is this true?

A: Trans-fatty acids have been shown to lower HDL, or good cholesterol, and raise LDL, or bad cholesterol. This increases the risk for developing heart disease. Butter, on the other hand, raises bad cholesterol but keeps the good cholesterol the same. For this reason, the FDA required labels to include trans fat amounts beginning in 2006, and some states have made it mandatory to provide this information on restaurant menus as well. This point has validated research behind it, whereas the other claims may not.

Q: Margarine does not rot or smell differently because it has no nutritional value; hence nothing will grow on it.

A: Margarine does have nutritional value — it’s a fat just like butter. Fat, no matter where it comes from, has 9 ca
lories per gram. Mold, bacteria and other microorganisms need more than just fat to grow ? they usually need some type of carbohydrate or sugar. Nothing will grow on butter either.

There are some truths to the claims listed above, but they are spread thin. Conclusions from research-based information regarding butter vs. margarine suggest we do the following:
• Stay away from trans fats (look for these on the label), but also watch your butter intake. Butter is high in saturated fats, which can lead to heart disease, but perhaps not quite as quickly as trans fats.
• Consume butter and foods that contain butter in moderation.
• Consider using stick butter in baking and a spreadable butter or trans-fat-free margarine for everything else. Spreadable butter and trans-fat-free margarine will alter baked products because they have added water and air, which most recipes do not take into account.

Direct column topics to: Julene Reese, Utah State University Extension writer, 435-797-0810 or julene.reese@.usu.edu.

4-H Youth Robotics Team

2010-04-13T09:05:00.001-06:00

4-H FIRST Robotics Team from USU Extension on Vimeo.

How to prune shrubs

2010-04-07T08:40:00.000-06:00

Don't treat your soil like dirt

2010-04-05T10:43:00.000-06:00

Preparing soil for planting can be compared to frosting a cake. If gardeners spread a couple of additional inches of top soil over native soil thinking it will improve the whole root zone for grass and other plants, they will be disappointed. It may look good, but it will not help in the long-run. What’s underneath is what makes the difference.

Plant roots need to extend as far into the soil as possible. Spreading only an inch or two of new soil on top creates a false soil profile, and the line between the added soil and the native soil becomes an interface or boundary between two very different materials like the frosting and the cake. Frosting and cake do not blend. Another example is placing clay soil on top of sandy soil. Water applied to the clay soil does not drain into the sandy soil, but remains in the clay soil until it is completely saturated. This interface limits water and nutrient movement, reducing plant root growth to the top few inches of soil. Most grass and perennials can tolerate this condition for one to three years, but eventually the roots need a deeper soil profile and they begin to decline. Consider these tips.

* Once a lawn is growing, not much can be done to remedy poor soil. Aerating the area regularly helps break up the interface and mixes the soils together. Many people also find that spreading compost over the lawn after aerating is helpful.

* The healthiest method for preparing soil for planting is not “frosting” native soil with top soil. Instead, spend the money on good compost and work it into the soil to a depth of 6 to 8 inches before planting. This creates a deeper soil profile and gives the roots more room to grow and expand in the future.

* If you are determined to add top soil to your landscape before planting, first make sure the new soil is inspected and contains no weeds or other undesirables. Next, after spreading the new soil, use a roto-tiller or other machinery to blend the two soils. This helps reduce interfaces and gives the roots a better chance of growing into the soil profile.

* The best thing for any new landscape is to add organic matter to the existing soil. Compost, leaf mold, composted manures and grass clippings, coupled with other materials, can improve unhealthy soils.

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Managing your gnomes in the garden

2010-04-01T09:21:00.001-06:00

Gnome Management in the Garden from USU Extension on Vimeo.

Planting Strawberries

2010-03-29T09:12:00.000-06:00

Planting Strawberries from USU Extension on Vimeo.

Green up your diet

2010-03-25T08:47:00.001-06:00

Since March is National Nutrition Month, now is a good time to evaluate the greens in your diet. Consider this information.

• Dark green, leafy vegetables are, calorie for calorie, the most concentrated source of nutrition of any food. They are a rich source of minerals (iron, calcium, potassium and magnesium) and vitamins (vitamins K, C, E and many of the B vitamins). They also provide a variety of phytonutrients including beta-carotene, lutein and zeaxanthin, which protect cells from damage and eyes from age-related problems such as macular degeneration.

• Kale, spinach, parsley and mustard greens are beneficial green vegetables, but there are others as well. When was the last time you included an avocado in your meal? While it does contain a large amount of fat, it is plant-based fat (monounsaturated) that doesn’t raise blood cholesterol. In fact, avocados can even help lower cholesterol and triglycerides, a type of blood fat that may contribute to heart disease.

• Asparagus is another healthy green option. It is an excellent source of folate, a water-soluble B vitamin that helps prevent anemia. It also helps strengthen new cells, which makes it valuable to expectant mothers. It is a low-calorie vegetable too, at four calories a spear.

• Artichokes are a little more difficult to prepare, and for the work, sometimes don’t seem worth the effort. However, as you work your way down to the edible leaves, you’ll get a hefty serving of vitamin C, magnesium, folate and fiber. You’ll also get a variety of heart-healthy phytochemicals.

• Broccoli is a great source for cancer-preventing compounds. A serving of broccoli provides vitamin A and a huge portion of vitamins C and K.

• Other healthy green vegetable options are Brussels sprouts, which are not sprouts at all but are miniature members of the cabbage family. Learning to tame the bitter taste of this vegetable with proper cooking techniques is key to these becoming a family favorite. Simply boil the cleaned, fresh sprouts for 5 minutes in plain water before any further preparation. Then add them to a dish for further cooking or place them in another pan of boiling water with a bit of butter or margarine and continue cooking until tender.

• If you need additional coaxing to eat your greens, consider what the nutrients can do for your health. Vitamin K regulates blood clotting and helps prevent osteoporosis. Vitamin C protects against immune system deficiencies and cardiovascular disease. Vitamin E keeps skin, heart, circulation, nerves, muscles and red blood cells healthy. The B vitamins (including Folate [B9]) ease stress, relieve PMS and reduce the risk of heart disease. Fiber helps maintain bowel health. Iron helps brain development and function, and calcium helps develop strong bones and cell construction.

If your children turn up their noses to green vegetables, remember that parents are the best examples. Let them see you eating vegetables, and hopefully they will follow. Also, think variety. Mix it up with color varieties and textures. Experiment with recipes, combinations and seasoning so it becomes more interesting than just vegetables on a plate.

Spice up your meals with tomatillos

2010-03-17T12:34:00.000-06:00

Cooking with Tomatillos from USU Extension on Vimeo.

Pruning without ruining your fruit trees

2010-03-17T12:33:00.001-06:00

There is probably no gardening task that generates as much fear in home gardeners as fruit tree pruning. Because of this, many want to ignore the problem, but if ignored, it will only get worse. Consider these tips that will help take the pain out of pruning fruit trees.

• “There is both art and science to pruning, and you have to do it to learn it. Read about it, take an Extension class, or talk to your Extension agent or an arborist. Then go out and do it. With practice and observation you will get better and better.”

• Remove all dead, diseased or broken branches. Branches that hang down below the horizon line, or “hangers,” are generally not productive and should be removed as well.

• Remove all suckers and water sprouts. Suckers grow from the base of the tree. Water sprouts are succulent growth from the previous year and usually shoot straight into the air from more established scaffold branches. Water sprouts compete for light. They are not productive and should be removed. They are best controlled in the summer when they are only 2 to 4 inches long. They can be easily removed by rubbing or breaking them.

• Know where the fruit is formed. Peaches are formed on last year’s branches. Apples, pears, cherries and plums are all found on short, stubby branches called spurs. Spurs typically are formed on wood that is 2 to 5 years old. Knowing where the fruit is formed helps determine what to prune as well as how harshly to prune. For example, peaches are found on year-old wood and should be pruned severely to stimulate enough growth this year to support fruit next year. Apples and other fruits that form on spurs are pruned less drastically to reduce the amount of vegetative growth or water sprouts.

• Let the light in. In order to form fruit, trees need optimal sun exposure. When leaves receive sun exposure, more carbohydrates are made. This sends more sugars to the fruit. Fruit trees that have shaded interiors are far less productive than those that receive proper sunlight.

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Direct column topics to: Julene Reese, Utah State University Extension, Logan, UT 84322-4900; 435-797-0810; julene.reese@usu.edu